Supreme Court Battle
Supreme Court Battle

Thurgood Marshall, attorney for the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), speaks to reporters in Washington, D.C., Aug. 28, 1958. Marshall argued the integration case for the NAACP before the Supreme Court in a special session regarding integration in Little Rock’s Central High School in Arkansas. (AP Photo)
Pictured in this 1954 handout photo is Louis Redding, center, on the steps of the Supreme Court Building, in Washington, D.C., with other NAACP attorneys who argued the school segregation case, Brown vs. Board of Education, From left are, Special Counsel Thurgood Marshall, Louis Redding and U. Simpson Tate. (AP Photo/Courtesy of the NAACP).
George E.C. Hayes, left, Thurgood Marshall, center, and James M. Nabrit, the lawyers who led the fight before the U.S. Supreme Court for abolition of segregation in public schools, descend the court steps in Washington, D.C., on May 17, 1954. The Supreme Court ruled that segregation is unconstitutional. (AP Photo)
Two leaders of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) and the center of their most highly spotlighted case, pictured here on March 27, 1956. From left to right: Roy Wilkins, NAACP executive secretary; Autherine Lucy, would-be student at the University of Alabama; and Thurgood Marshall, head of the NAACP’s legal staff. (AP Photo)
Thurgood Marshall, civil rights lawyer and chief counsel for the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), speaks before the reunion of the 369th veterans’ association in New York City, Sept. 23, 1956. (AP Photo)
Thurgood Marshall, right, chief legal counsel of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), talks with student Elizabeth Eckford in the corridor of the Federal Courthouse at Little Rock, Ark., where a hearing on the integration case of Central High School is being held, September 7, 1957. 15-year old Elizabeth was the first of nine black students to attempt to enter the school on opening day, only to be turned away by Arkansas National Guard troops following orders of Gov. Orval Faubus to block the main entrance. (AP Photo)
Thurgood Marshall, attorney for the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, or NAACP, arrives at the U.S. District Court in Little Rock, Ark., on September 20, 1957. Federal Judge R. Davies is presiding over an injunction hearing against Arkansas Gov.Orval Faubus to withdraw the National Guard from Central High School and to integrate the previously all-white school. (AP Photo)
Daisy Bates is president of the Arkansas N.A.A.C.P. Nine black students meet at her home each morning and are escorted by troopers to the newly-integrated Central High School in Little Rock, Sept. 27, 1957. (AP Photo)
Thurgood Marshall, center, chief legal counsel of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, is surrounded by students and their escort from Little Rock, Ark., as he sits on the steps of the Supreme Court Building in Washington, August 22, 1958, after he filed an appeal in the integration case of Little Rock’s Central High School. The students are, from left: Melba Patillo, Jefferson Thomas, Gloria Ray, escort Daisy Bates, Marshall, Carlotta Walls, Minnijean Brown, and Elizabeth Eckford. (AP Photo)
Three attorneys for the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People pose outside the Supreme Court in Washington, D.C., after arriving, Aug. 28, 1958, for the extraordinary session of High Tribunal on integration. From left: William T. Coleman, Jr.; Thurgood Marshall and Wiley A. Branton. (AP Photo/William J. Smith)
Thurgood Marshall, attorney for the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, center, speaks to supporters and the media outside the Supreme Court Building in Washington, August 28, 1958, after pleading the Little Rock integration case for the NAACP before the high court. (AP Photo)

Thurgood Marshall, attorney for the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), speaks to reporters in Washington, D.C., Aug. 28, 1958. Marshall argued the integration case for the NAACP before the Supreme Court in a special session regarding integration in Little Rock’s Central High School in Arkansas. (AP Photo)
Thurgood Marshall, attorney for the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), speaks to reporters in Washington, D.C., Aug. 28, 1958. Marshall argued the integration case for the NAACP before the Supreme Court in a special session regarding integration in Little Rock’s Central High School in Arkansas. (AP Photo)
Pictured in this 1954 handout photo is Louis Redding, center, on the steps of the Supreme Court Building, in Washington, D.C., with other NAACP attorneys who argued the school segregation case, Brown vs. Board of Education, From left are, Special Counsel Thurgood Marshall, Louis Redding and U. Simpson Tate. (AP Photo/Courtesy of the NAACP).
Pictured in this 1954 handout photo is Louis Redding, center, on the steps of the Supreme Court Building, in Washington, D.C., with other NAACP attorneys who argued the school segregation case, Brown vs. Board of Education, From left are, Special Counsel Thurgood Marshall, Louis Redding and U. Simpson Tate. (AP Photo/Courtesy of the NAACP).
George E.C. Hayes, left, Thurgood Marshall, center, and James M. Nabrit, the lawyers who led the fight before the U.S. Supreme Court for abolition of segregation in public schools, descend the court steps in Washington, D.C., on May 17, 1954. The Supreme Court ruled that segregation is unconstitutional. (AP Photo)
George E.C. Hayes, left, Thurgood Marshall, center, and James M. Nabrit, the lawyers who led the fight before the U.S. Supreme Court for abolition of segregation in public schools, descend the court steps in Washington, D.C., on May 17, 1954. The Supreme Court ruled that segregation is unconstitutional. (AP Photo)
Two leaders of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) and the center of their most highly spotlighted case, pictured here on March 27, 1956. From left to right: Roy Wilkins, NAACP executive secretary; Autherine Lucy, would-be student at the University of Alabama; and Thurgood Marshall, head of the NAACP’s legal staff. (AP Photo)
Two leaders of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) and the center of their most highly spotlighted case, pictured here on March 27, 1956. From left to right: Roy Wilkins, NAACP executive secretary; Autherine Lucy, would-be student at the University of Alabama; and Thurgood Marshall, head of the NAACP’s legal staff. (AP Photo)
Thurgood Marshall, civil rights lawyer and chief counsel for the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), speaks before the reunion of the 369th veterans’ association in New York City, Sept. 23, 1956. (AP Photo)
Thurgood Marshall, civil rights lawyer and chief counsel for the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), speaks before the reunion of the 369th veterans’ association in New York City, Sept. 23, 1956. (AP Photo)
Thurgood Marshall, right, chief legal counsel of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), talks with student Elizabeth Eckford in the corridor of the Federal Courthouse at Little Rock, Ark., where a hearing on the integration case of Central High School is being held, September 7, 1957. 15-year old Elizabeth was the first of nine black students to attempt to enter the school on opening day, only to be turned away by Arkansas National Guard troops following orders of Gov. Orval Faubus to block the main entrance. (AP Photo)
Thurgood Marshall, right, chief legal counsel of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), talks with student Elizabeth Eckford in the corridor of the Federal Courthouse at Little Rock, Ark., where a hearing on the integration case of Central High School is being held, September 7, 1957. 15-year old Elizabeth was the first of nine black students to attempt to enter the school on opening day, only to be turned away by Arkansas National Guard troops following orders of Gov. Orval Faubus to block the main entrance. (AP Photo)
Thurgood Marshall, attorney for the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, or NAACP, arrives at the U.S. District Court in Little Rock, Ark., on September 20, 1957. Federal Judge R. Davies is presiding over an injunction hearing against Arkansas Gov.Orval Faubus to withdraw the National Guard from Central High School and to integrate the previously all-white school. (AP Photo)
Thurgood Marshall, attorney for the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, or NAACP, arrives at the U.S. District Court in Little Rock, Ark., on September 20, 1957. Federal Judge R. Davies is presiding over an injunction hearing against Arkansas Gov.Orval Faubus to withdraw the National Guard from Central High School and to integrate the previously all-white school. (AP Photo)
Daisy Bates is president of the Arkansas N.A.A.C.P. Nine black students meet at her home each morning and are escorted by troopers to the newly-integrated Central High School in Little Rock, Sept. 27, 1957. (AP Photo)
Daisy Bates is president of the Arkansas N.A.A.C.P. Nine black students meet at her home each morning and are escorted by troopers to the newly-integrated Central High School in Little Rock, Sept. 27, 1957. (AP Photo)
Thurgood Marshall, center, chief legal counsel of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, is surrounded by students and their escort from Little Rock, Ark., as he sits on the steps of the Supreme Court Building in Washington, August 22, 1958, after he filed an appeal in the integration case of Little Rock’s Central High School. The students are, from left: Melba Patillo, Jefferson Thomas, Gloria Ray, escort Daisy Bates, Marshall, Carlotta Walls, Minnijean Brown, and Elizabeth Eckford. (AP Photo)
Thurgood Marshall, center, chief legal counsel of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, is surrounded by students and their escort from Little Rock, Ark., as he sits on the steps of the Supreme Court Building in Washington, August 22, 1958, after he filed an appeal in the integration case of Little Rock’s Central High School. The students are, from left: Melba Patillo, Jefferson Thomas, Gloria Ray, escort Daisy Bates, Marshall, Carlotta Walls, Minnijean Brown, and Elizabeth Eckford. (AP Photo)
Three attorneys for the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People pose outside the Supreme Court in Washington, D.C., after arriving, Aug. 28, 1958, for the extraordinary session of High Tribunal on integration. From left: William T. Coleman, Jr.; Thurgood Marshall and Wiley A. Branton. (AP Photo/William J. Smith)
Three attorneys for the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People pose outside the Supreme Court in Washington, D.C., after arriving, Aug. 28, 1958, for the extraordinary session of High Tribunal on integration. From left: William T. Coleman, Jr.; Thurgood Marshall and Wiley A. Branton. (AP Photo/William J. Smith)
Thurgood Marshall, attorney for the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, center, speaks to supporters and the media outside the Supreme Court Building in Washington, August 28, 1958, after pleading the Little Rock integration case for the NAACP before the high court. (AP Photo)
Thurgood Marshall, attorney for the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, center, speaks to supporters and the media outside the Supreme Court Building in Washington, August 28, 1958, after pleading the Little Rock integration case for the NAACP before the high court. (AP Photo)