How AP covered the D-Day landings and lost photographer Bede Irvin in the battle for Normandy

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FILE - Carrying full equipment, American assault troops move onto a beachhead code-named Omaha Beach, on the northern coast of France on June 6, 1944, during the Allied invasion of the Normandy coast. The greatest armada ever assembled, nearly 7,000 ships and boats, supported by more than 11,000 planes, carried almost 133,000 troops across the Channel to establish toeholds on five heavily defended beaches stretched across 80 kilometers (50 miles) of Normandy coast. More than 9,000 Allied soldiers were killed or wounded in the first 24 hours. (U.S. Army via AP, File)

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FILE - Associated Press war correspondent J. Wes Gallagher, right, is shown a Thompson submachine gun by Major J.S.P. Armstrong, center, commander of the Canadian Army’s Commando School, June 10, 1942. On D-Day morning, June 6, 1944, The Associated Press had reporters, artists and photographers in the air, on the choppy waters of the English Channel, in London, and at English departure ports and airfields. Veteran war correspondent Wes Gallagher directed AP’s team from the headquarters in Portsmouth, England, of Supreme Allied Commander Gen. Dwight D. Eisenhower. (AP Photo, File)

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FILE - Gen. Dwight D. Eisenhower, Allied Commander in Chief, speaks with American paratroopers at an undisclosed location in England, June 6, 1944, prior to plans to participate in the first assault on the Coast of France during D-Day. (U.S. Army Signal Corps Photo via AP, File)

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FILE - Associated Press staffers on the News-Photo invasion team, bottom row, from left, Peter Carroll, E.K. Butler, George Bede Irvin, and Jack Rice. Top row, from left, Byron Rollins, Harry Harris, Edward Worth, Horace Court on May 4, 1944. On D-Day, June 6, 1944, The Associated Press had reporters, artists and photographers in the air, on the choppy waters of the English Channel, in London and at English departure ports and airfields to cover the allied assault on Normandy, France. (AP Photo, File)

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FILE - This undated image shows the Howell Dodd graphic that appeared in the June-July 1944 issue of The AP Inter-Office, a printed and illustrated magazine that was offered to AP staff and member newspapers. The graphic shows depictions of the AP correspondents on D-Day. In 1945 the magazine changed its name to AP World. (AP Photo/AP Corporate Archives, Howell Dodd, File)

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FILE - This photograph is believed to show E Company, 16th Regiment, 1st Infantry Division, participating in the first wave of assaults during D-Day in Normandy, France, June 6, 1944. The greatest armada ever assembled, nearly 7,000 ships and boats, supported by more than 11,000 planes, carried almost 133,000 troops across the Channel to establish toeholds on five heavily defended beaches stretched across 80 kilometers (50 miles) of Normandy coast. More than 9,000 Allied soldiers were killed or wounded in the first 24 hours. (Chief Photographer’s Mate Robert M. Sargent, U.S. Coast Guard via AP, File)

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FILE - Associated Press photographer Bede Irvin, left, studies a map of Europe with A-20 bomber pilot Major A.R. Milow, Jr., center, and top-turret gunner S/S Albert Grimsla, right, at an air base in England, May 24, 1944. Associated Press photographer Bede Irvin was killed July 25, 1944 near the Normandy town of St. Lo as he was photographing an Allied bombardment. (AP Photo, File)

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FILE - Associated Press correspondent Don Whitehead is shown, March 8, 1943. On D-Day, The Associated Press had reporters, artists and photographers in the air, on the choppy waters of the English Channel, in London, and at English departure ports and airfields to cover the Allied assault in Normandy, France. (AP Photo/Herbert K. White, File)

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FILE - This undated photo shows Associated Press correspondent Roger Greene a few days after the D-Day landing in France, June 6, 1944. As men on either side of him were killed, AP correspondent Roger Greene waded ashore on the eastern end of the landing front on June 6, 1944. Sheltering with his typewriter in a bomb crater, Greene pounded out the first AP report from the beachhead. (AP Photo, File)

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FILE - This wire copy by Associated Press reporter Roger Greene reached New York on June 8, 1944, two days after Greene made the D-Day landing alongside British forces. Greene’s escorting officer was wounded and he saw three men killed as he landed. In New York Executive Editor Alan J. Gould marked the copy in red, “First from our beachhead team.” (AP Photo/AP Corporate Archives, File)

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The headstone of Associated Press photographer Bede Irvin at the Normandy American Cemetery in Colleville-sur-Mer, France, on Monday, June 3, 2024. Bede Irvin was killed July 25, 1944, near the Normandy town of Saint-Lo, as he was photographing an Allied bombardment. (AP Photo/Jeremias Gonzalez)

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Muriel Rambert, interpretive guide at American Battle Monuments Commission, covers the grave of Associated Press photographer Bede Irvin with sand from Omaha Beach, at the Normandy American Cemetery in Colleville-sur-Mer, France on Monday, June 3, 2024. Bede Irvin was killed July 25, 1944 near the Normandy town of Saint-Lo as he was photographing an Allied bombardment. (AP Photo/Jeremias Gonzalez)

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CORRECTS LAST NAME TO LEICESTER The Associated Press Correspondent John Leicester pays tribute to Associated Press photographer Bede Irvin at the Normandy American Cemetery in Colleville-sur-Mer, France, on Monday, June 3, 2024. Bede Irvin was killed July 25, 1944, near the Normandy town of Saint-Lo, as he was photographing an Allied bombardment. (AP Photo/Jeremias Gonzalez)

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Muriel Rambert, interpretive guide at American Battle Monuments Commission, shows a portrait of Associated Press photographer Bede Irvin, at the Normandy American Cemetery in Colleville-sur-Mer, France on Monday, June 3, 2024. Bede Irvin was killed July 25, 1944 near the Normandy town of Saint-Lo as he was photographing an Allied bombardment. (AP Photo/Jeremias Gonzalez)

By VALERIE KOMOR

NEW YORK (AP) — When Associated Press correspondent Don Whitehead arrived with other journalists in southern England to cover the Allies’ imminent D-Day invasion of Normandy, a U.S. commander offered them a no-nonsense welcome.

“We’ll do everything we can to help you get your stories and to take care of you. If you’re wounded, we’ll put you in a hospital. If you’re killed, we’ll bury you. So don’t worry about anything,” said Maj. Gen. Clarence R. Heubner of the U.S. Army 1st Infantry Division.

It was early June 1944 — just before the long-anticipated Normandy landings that ultimately liberated France from Nazi occupation and helped precipitate Nazi Germany’s surrender 11 months later.

On D-Day morning, June 6, 1944, AP had reporters, artists and photographers in the air, on the choppy waters of the English Channel, in London, and at English departure ports and airfields. Veteran war correspondent Wes Gallagher — who would later run the entire Associated Press — directed AP’s team from the headquarters in Portsmouth, England, of Supreme Allied Commander Gen. Dwight D. Eisenhower.

The greatest armada ever assembled — nearly 7,000 ships and boats, supported by more than 11,000 planes — carried almost 133,000 troops across the Channel to establish toeholds on five heavily defended beaches; they were code-named Utah, Omaha, Gold, Juno and Sword and stretched across 80 kilometers (50 miles) of Normandy coast. More than 9,000 Allied soldiers were killed or wounded in the first 24 hours.

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Having heard on German radio that the landings had begun, Gallagher hurried to the British Ministry of Information to await the official communique. It came just before 9 a.m. with this brief instruction: “Gentlemen, you have exactly 33 minutes to prepare your dispatches.”

At precisely 9:32 a.m., the doors opened and the journalists poured out to release their reports. Gallagher’s FLASH appeared via teletype in the New York headquarters of AP just one minute later.

LONDON—EISENHOWERS HEADQUARTERS ANNOUNCES ALLIES LAND IN FRANCE.

The 1,300-word story that followed began: “Allied troops landed on the Normandy coast of France in tremendous strength by cloudy daylight today and stormed several miles inland with tanks and infantry in the grand assault which Gen. Dwight D. Eisenhower called a crusade in which ‘we will accept nothing less than full victory.’”

As men on either side of him were killed, AP correspondent Roger Greene waded ashore on the eastern end of the landing front. Sheltering in a bomb crater, Greene pounded out the first AP report from the beachhead, with wind flicking sand into his typewriter keys and rattling the paper.

“Hitler’s Atlantic Wall cracked in the first hour under tempestuous Allied assault,” he wrote.

On Omaha, the deadliest invasion beach, AP’s Whitehead lost his bedroll and equipment and nearly his life as he landed with the 16th Regiment of the 1st Infantry Division.

“So many guys were getting killed that I stopped being afraid. I was resigned to being killed, too,” he later recalled.

He witnessed German heavy machine-gun fire, mortar and artillery rounds raking landing craft and pinning down U.S. soldiers, vehicles and supplies that “began to pile up on the beach at an alarming rate.”

Whitehead never forgot the calmness of Col. George A. Taylor urging troops onward by yelling: “Gentleman, we’re being killed on the beach. Let’s go inland and be killed.”

The Battle of Normandy was underway, with Allied forces pushing off the beaches and fighting their way inland in the following days and weeks. By June 30, the Allies had landed 850,000 soldiers, nearly 150,000 vehicles and more than half a million tons of supplies.

Casualties mounted on all sides and among French civilians. By the second half of August, with Paris being liberated, more than 225,000 Allied troops had been killed, wounded or were missing. On the German side, more than 240,000 had been killed or wounded and 200,000 captured.

The dead included 33-year-old AP photographer Bede Irvin, killed July 25 near the Normandy town of Saint Lo as he was photographing an Allied bombardment that went horribly wrong, with some of the bombers mistakenly dropping their payloads on their own forces.

As well as Irvin — hit by shrapnel as he was diving for the shelter of a roadside ditch — more than 100 American soldiers were killed and almost 500 others wounded, said Ben Brands, a historian with the American Battle Monuments Commission. It manages the the Normandy American Cemetery where Irvin is buried, overlooking Omaha Beach.

On Monday, colleagues from AP’s Paris bureau, covering the 80th anniversary of the landings, laid flowers at the foot of the white stone cross on his grave. Irvin’s is one of 9,387 graves in what was the first American cemetery in Europe of World War II, set up two days after D-Day.

In its September 1944 edition, AP’s in-house magazine said the native of Des Moines, Iowa, had until then survived some of the worst fighting in Normandy and “had only one complaint — that he was not seeing enough action.”

In a letter after his death to one of Irvin’s AP colleagues, his widow, Kathryne, poured out her sorrow. Muriel Rambert, an ABMC guide at the cemetery, read out an extract Monday at his grave, after she’d used sand from Omaha Beach to highlight Irvin’s name on his headstone and planted American and French flags in front of it.

“There are so many hopes and plans between a husband and wife,” she said, reading from the letter. “Plans that won’t for Bede and me ever come true.”

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Valerie Komor is AP’s director of corporate archives. Associated Press writer John Leicester in Colleville-sur-Mer, France, contributed to this report.