May Day: World’s workers rally, France sees pension anger

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Members of the Korean Confederation of Trade Unions shout slogans during a rally on May Day in Seoul, South Korea, Monday, May 1, 2023. A large number of workers and activists in Asian countries are set to mark May Day on Monday with protests calling for higher salaries and better working conditions, among other demands.(AP Photo/Lee Jin-man)

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Activists draped the statue on Place de la Republique with a banner reading “Macron resign” during a demonstration, Monday, May 1, 2023 in Paris. French unions plan massive demonstrations around France to protest President Emmanuel Macron’s recent move to raise the retirement age from 62 to 64. (AP Photo/Aurelien Morissard)

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A worker holds up a smoke stick during a May Day rally in Jakarta, Indonesia, Monday, May 1, 2023. Workers and activists across Asia are marking May Day with protests calling for higher salaries and better working conditions, among other demands. (AP Photo/Dita Alangkara)

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People take shelter from the rain during a free concert organized by the main Italian Labour Unions on May Day in St. John in Lateran Square in Rome, Monday, May 1, 2023. (AP Photo/Alessandra Tarantino)

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Japan’s Prime Minister Fumio Kishida delivers his speech at an May Day event in Tokyo Saturday, April 29, 2023. In Japan, May Day celebrations in Tokyo and elsewhere were held over the weekend without any pandemic-related restrictions for the first time in four years. (Kyodo News via AP)

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Portraits of Communist icons, from right, Karl Marx, Friedrich Engels, Vladimir Lenin are carried on cars during a rally organized by People’s Liberation Front, a marxist political party, to mark May Day in Colombo, Sri Lanka, Monday, May 1, 2023. (AP Photo/Eranga Jayawardena)

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A protester holds a flare during a May Day rally in Athens, Greece, Monday, May 1, 2023. May Day protests took place in the Greek capital 20 days before the parliamentry elections 2023. (AP Photo/Michael Varaklas)

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Laborer pull a heavy loaded hand-cart on a road on the International Labor Day, in Rawalpindi, Pakistan, Monday, May 1, 2023. In Pakistan, authorities have banned rallies in some cities due to a tense security situation or political atmosphere. Labor organizations and trade unions held indoor events on May Day to demand implementation of labor laws and increase in their wages. (AP Photo/Anjum Naveed)

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Bavarian highland folk dressed in traditional clothes erect a May pole in Rottach Egern, Germany, Monday, May 1, 2023. May trees are traditionally set up all over Bavaria on May 1. Ribbons are attached and dances are held around the pole. (AP Photo/Matthias Schrader)

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Educators symbolically crucify themselves on the sidelines of the May Day march in La Paz, Bolivia, Monday, May 1, 2023. Teachers are demanding higher pay and protesting the new state-imposed curriculum. (AP Photo/Juan Karita)

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Smoke billows on Place de la Nation after youths set a fire during a demonstration, Monday, May 1, 2023 in Paris. Across France, thousands marched in what unions hope are the country’s biggest May Day demonstrations in years, mobilized against President Emmanuel Macron’s recent move to raise the retirement age from 62 to 64. (AP Photo/Thibault Camus)

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Youths send items during a demonstration in Paris, Monday, May 1, 2023. Across France, thousands marched in what unions hope are the country’s biggest May Day demonstrations in years, mobilized against President Emmanuel Macron’s recent move to raise the retirement age from 62 to 64. (AP Photo/Aurelien Morissard)

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Riot police officers run next to a fire set in front of a building during a demonstration in Paris, Monday, May 1, 2023. Across France, thousands marched in what unions hope are the country’s biggest May Day demonstrations in years, mobilized against President Emmanuel Macron’s recent move to raise the retirement age from 62 to 64. (AP Photo/Aurelien Morissard)

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A riot police officer is lying on the pavement during a demonstration in Paris, Monday, May 1, 2023. Across France, thousands marched in what unions hope are the country’s biggest May Day demonstrations in years, mobilized against President Emmanuel Macron’s recent move to raise the retirement age from 62 to 64. (AP Photo/Aurelien Morissard)

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A man sells the traditional Lily of the Valley as riot police officers stand behind him during a demonstration, Monday, May 1, 2023 in Paris. Across France, thousands marched in what unions hope are the country’s biggest May Day demonstrations in years, mobilized against President Emmanuel Macron’s recent move to raise the retirement age from 62 to 64. (AP Photo/Thibault Camus)

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Government supporters rally marking May Day in Caracas, Venezuela, Monday, May 1, 2023. (AP Photo/Ariana Cubillos)

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People march during International Labor Day in Bogota, Colombia, Monday, May 1, 2023. (AP Photo/Ivan Valencia)

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A protester holds a sign that reads in Spanish “El Salvador, the biggest jail in Latin America” during an anti-government march on International Labor Day in San Salvador, El Salvador, Monday, May 1, 2023. (AP Photo/Salvador Melendez)

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Filipino protesters hold slogans as they march along a road to mark International Labor Day in Manila, Philippines on Monday May 1, 2023. Thousands of Filipino workers marched in the streets of Manila on Monday, reiterating their calls to the government to increase the basic minimum wage, protect jobs in the country. (AP Photo/Joeal Calupitan)

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A group of protesters carry a banner with the word “Anti-capitalists” in Portuguese during a May Day rally in Lisbon, Monday, May 1, 2023. (AP Photo/Armando Franca)

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People take part in a ‘Feminist Revolution’ May Day protest rally and some clash with the police in Zurich, Switzerland, Monday, May 1, 2023. (Ennio Leanza/Keystone via AP)

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Brazilian President Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva gestures to supporters during a May Day rally in Sao Paulo, Brazil, Monday, May 1, 2023. (AP Photo/Andre Penner)

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Protesters arrive Place de la Nation during a demonstration, Monday, May 1, 2023 in Paris. Across France, thousands marched in what unions hope are the country’s biggest May Day demonstrations in years, mobilized against President Emmanuel Macron’s recent move to raise the retirement age from 62 to 64. (AP Photo/Thibault Camus)

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A protester is overthrown as police forces use water canon during a demonstration, Monday, May 1, 2023 in Paris. Across France, thousands marched in what unions hope are the country’s biggest May Day demonstrations in years, mobilized against President Emmanuel Macron’s recent move to raise the retirement age from 62 to 64. (AP Photo/Aurelien Morissard)

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Members of left-wing parties and trade unions march in traditional May Day parade, one of the smallest ever, to mark Labour Day, in Warsaw, Poland, Monday, May 1, 2023.The small attendance could be due to a long weekend in Poland and nice weather that encouraged many people to leave cities on brief vacation. (AP Photo/Czarek Sokolowski)

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Nigeria workers attends the Labour Day Celebration at the Mobolaji Johnson Arena in Lagos, Nigeria, Monday, May 1, 2023. Large crowds gathered at the Mobolaji Johnson Arena Monday to mark the International Labour Day dedicated to workers’ rights and socio-economic justice. (AP Photo/Sunday Alamba)

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Communists party supporters gather near a statue of Soviet Union founder Vladimir Lenin to mark Labor Day, also known as May Day in St. Petersburg, Russia, Monday, May 1, 2023. (AP Photo/Dmitri Lovetsky)

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Protesters march during a demonstration, Monday, May 1, 2023 in Paris. Across France, thousands marched in what unions hope are the country’s biggest May Day demonstrations in years, mobilized against President Emmanuel Macron’s recent move to raise the retirement age from 62 to 64. (AP Photo/Aurelien Morissard)

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Denmark’s Prime Minister and head of the Social Democrats, Mette Frederiksen, delivers a speech on the Workers’ International Day in Copenhagen, Denmark, Monday, May 1, 2023 (Emil Nicolai Helms/Ritzau Scanpix via AP)

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A vehicle, center, carrying former premier Imran Khan is surrounded by his supporters as he leads a rally to mark International Labor Day, in Lahore, Pakistan, Monday, May 1, 2023. (AP Photo/K.M. Chaudary)

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Trade union members shout slogans during Labor day celebrations at Taksim square in Istanbul, Turkey, Monday, May 1, 2023. As in previous years, police in Turkey prevented a group of demonstrators from reaching Istanbul’s main square Taksim, and detained around a dozen protesters. Meanwhile, small groups were allowed to enter Taksim to lay wreaths at a monument there. (AP Photo/Francisco Seco)

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Members of the People’s Liberation Front, a marxist political party, beat drums as they participate in a rally to mark May Day in Colombo, Sri Lanka, Monday, May 1, 2023. (AP Photo/Eranga Jayawardena)

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A person waves a flag with the traditional communist symbol during a May Day rally in Pamplona, northern Spain, Monday, May 1, 2023. (AP Photo/Alvaro Barrientos)

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An elderly daily wage laborer takes a break at work on May Day in Prayagraj, India, Monday, May 1, 2023. (AP Photo/Rajesh Kumar Singh)

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Trades unionists take part in a May Day rally in Pamplona, northern Spain, Monday, May 1, 2023. (AP Photo/Alvaro Barrientos)

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A man wearing a beret decorated with a traditional communist red star takes part in a May Day rally, in Pamplona, northern Spain, Monday, May 1, 2023. (AP Photo/Alvaro Barrientos)

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A daily wage laborer carries heavy metal rods to load onto a mini truck on May Day in Prayagraj, India, Monday, May 1, 2023. (AP Photo/Rajesh Kumar Singh)

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People are detained as they march with other union members during Labor day celebrations in Istanbul, Turkey, Monday, May 1, 2023. As in previous years, police in Turkey prevented a group of demonstrators from reaching Istanbul’s main square Taksim, and detained around a dozen protesters. Journalists trying to film demonstrators being forcibly moved into police vans, were also pushed back or detained. (AP Photo/Emrah Gurel)

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NHS workers gather on the picket line outside St Thomas’ Hospital, ahead of a march from the hospital to Trafalgar Square, as members of the Royal College of Nursing (RCN) and the Unite union continue their strike action in a dispute over pay, in London, Monday May 1, 2023. (Jordan Pettitt/PA ia AP)

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Protesters raise their fists during a May Day rally in Athens, Greece, Monday, May 1, 2023. May Day protests took place in the Greek capital 20 days before the parliamentry elections 2023. (AP Photo/Michael Varaklas)

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Protesters film a man speaking during a march organized by a national trade union to commemorate Labor Day, in Rabat, Morocco, Monday, May 1, 2023. (AP Photo/Mosa’ab Elshamy)

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A woman holds a flower during a May Day rally on International Workers Day in Belgrade, Serbia, Monday, May 1, 2023. (AP Photo/Darko Vojinovic)

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Residents enjoy a day at the popular Nanluogu alleyway during the May Day holidays in Beijing, Monday, May 1, 2023. (AP Photo/Ng Han Guan)

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A daily wage laborer works to bring down part of a residential house on May Day in Srinagar, Indian controlled Kashmir, Monday, May 1, 2023. (AP Photo/Mukhtar Khan)

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Taiwanese workers hold slogans reading “Failure to govern and workers will come settle the score” during a May Day rally in Taipei, Taiwan, Monday, May 1, 2023. Thousands of protesters from different labor groups protest on the street to ask for increasing labor welfare. (AP Photo/Chiang Ying-ying)

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Members of Federation of Korean Trade Unions stage a rally on May Day in Seoul, South Korea, Monday, May 1, 2023. A large number of workers and activists in Asian countries were marking May Day on Monday with protests calling for higher salaries, reduced working hours and other better working conditions. (AP Photo/Ahn Young-joon)

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Japan’s Prime Minister Fumio Kishida, center, delivers his speech at an May Day event in Tokyo Saturday, April 29, 2023. In Japan, May Day celebrations in Tokyo and elsewhere were held over the weekend without any pandemic-related restrictions for the first time in four years. The banner reads " The 94th May Day.” (Kyodo News via AP)

By ALEX TURNBULL

People squeezed by inflation and demanding economic justice took to streets across Asia, Europe and the Americas on Monday to mark May Day, in an outpouring of worker discontent not seen since before the worldwide COVID-19 lockdowns.

French police charged at radical protesters and troublemakers smashing bank and shop windows and setting fires as unions pushed the president to scrap a higher retirement age. South Koreans pleaded for higher wages as did others around Latin America. Spanish lawyers demanded the right to take days off. Migrant domestic workers in Lebanon marched in a country plunged into economic crisis.

While May Day is marked worldwide as a celebration of labor rights, this year’s rallies tapped into broader frustrations. Climate activists spray-painted a museum in Paris, and protesters in Germany demonstrated against violence targeting women and LGBTQ+ people.

Celebrations were forced indoors in Pakistan, tinged with political tensions as in Turkey, as both countries face high-stakes elections. Russia’s war in Ukraine overshadowed scaled-back events in Moscow, where Communist-led May Day celebrations were once massive affairs.

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Across the globe, this year’s May Day events unleashed pent-up frustration after three years of COVID-19 restrictions.

Across France, some 800,000 people marched, Interior Minister Gerald Darmanin said. They mobilized against President Emmanuel Macron’s recent move to raise the retirement age from 62 to 64. Organizers see pension reform as a threat to hard-fought worker rights, while Macron argues it’s economically necessary as the population ages.

While marchers were largely peaceful, violence by radicals, an ever-present reality at French marches, marred the message, notably in Paris. A Paris police officer was seriously injured by a Molotov cocktail, among 108 officers injured around France, Darmanin said. It wasn’t known how many protesters were potentially injured. Clashes also marked protests in Lyon and Nantes.

“Violence is increasingly strong in a society that is radicalizing,” the interior minister said on BFM-TV news station, blaming the ultra-left. He said some 2,000 radicals were at the Paris march.

Tear gas hung over the end point of the Paris march, Place de la Nation, where a huge black cloud lofted high above the trees after radicals set two fuel cans afire outside a building renovation site, police said.

French union members were joined by groups fighting for economic justice, or just expressing anger at what is seen as Macron’s out-of-touch, pro-business leadership. Labor activists from abroad were present, among them Hyrwon Chong of the South Korean Metal Workers’ Union.

“Today we see rising inequality throughout the world, terrible inflation,” she said, adding that Macron’s government was trying “to tear down a pillar of the social system which is the pension system.”

In Northern Macedonia’s capital Skopje, thousands of trade union members protested a recent government decision granting ministers a 78% raise. The minimum monthly wage in one of Europe’s poorest countries, is 320 euros ($350), while the hike will put ministers’ wages at around 2,300 euros ($2,530). “We are here, not only (to mark) Labor Day, but also to warn that if there is no social justice, there will be no social peace either,” said union leader Jakim Nedelkovski.

In Turkey, police prevented demonstrators from reaching Istanbul’s main square, Taksim, and detained around a dozen of them, independent television station Sozcu reported.

The square has symbolic importance for Turkey’s trade unions after unknown gunmen opened fire on a May Day celebration at Taksim in 1977, causing a stampede that killed dozens. President Recep Tayyip Erdogan’s government has declared Taksim off-limits to protests, though small groups were allowed to enter to lay wreaths at a monument.

In Pakistan, authorities banned rallies in some cities because of a tense security and political atmosphere. In Peshawar, in the restive northwest, labor organizations and trade unions held indoor events to demand better workers’ rights amid high inflation.

Sri Lanka’s opposition political parties and trade unions held workers’ day rallies protesting austerity measures and economic reforms linked to a bailout agreement with the International Monetary Fund. Protesters demanded the government halt moves to privatize state-owned and semi-government businesses. Sri Lanka is facing its worst economic crisis in history and has suspended foreign debt repayments.

In South Korea, tens of thousands of people attended rallies in its biggest May Day gatherings since the pandemic began in early 2020.

“The price of everything has increased except for our wages. Increase our minimum wages!” an activist at a Seoul rally shouted at the podium.

In Tokyo, thousands of labor union members, opposition lawmakers and academics demanded wage increases to offset the impact of rising costs as they recover from damage from the pandemic. They criticized Japanese Prime Minister Fumio Kishida’s plan to double the defense budget, saying the money should be spent on welfare, social security and improving people’s daily lives.

In Indonesia, demonstrators demanded the government repeal a job creation law they argue would only benefit business.

In Taiwan, thousands of workers protested what they call the inadequacies of the self-ruled island’s labor policies, putting pressure on the ruling party before the 2024 presidential election.

Protests in Germany kicked off with a “Take Back the Night” rally organized by feminist and queer groups on the eve of May Day to protest against violence directed at women and LGBTQ+ people. On Monday, thousands more turned out in marches organized by Germany labor unions in Berlin, Cologne and other cities, rejecting recent calls by conservative politicians for restrictions on the right to strike.

More than 70 marches were held across Spain, and powerful unions warned of “social conflict” if low salaries compared to the EU average don’t rise in line with inflation. The Illustrious College of Lawyers of Madrid urged reforms of historic laws that require them to be on call 365 days of the year, regardless of the death of family members or medical emergencies. In recent years, lawyers have tweeted images of themselves working from hospital beds on IV drips to illustrate their plight.

Italy’s far-right premier, Giorgia Meloni, made a point of working on Monday — as her Cabinet passed measures on Labor Day that it contends demonstrates concern for workers. But opposition lawmakers and union leaders said the measures do nothing to increase salaries or combat the widespread practice of hiring workers on temporary contracts. Many young people say they can’t contemplate starting families or even move out of parents’ homes because they only get temporary contracts.

In war-ravaged Ukraine, May Day is associated with Soviet-era celebrations when the country was ruled from Moscow — an era that many want forgotten.

“It is good that we don’t celebrate this holiday like it was done during the Bolshevik times. It was something truly awful,” said Anatolii Borsiuk, a 77-year-old in Kyiv.

Alla Liapkina described the flowers and balloons of Soviet May Day gatherings, but said it’s time to move on. “We live in a new era,’' she said. ‘’We don’t need to go back to such a past.”

In Venezuela, which has suffered rampant inflation for years, thousands of workers demonstrated to demand a minimum wage increase at a time when the majority cannot meet basic needs despite their last increase 14 months ago. “Decent wages and pensions now!” protesters chanted in the capital, Caracas. Many also alluded to U.S. sanctions against the socialist-led government of Nicolás Maduro, chanting, “This is not a blockade, this is looting.”

In Bolivia, leftist President Luis Arce led a Labor Day march in La Paz with a major union and announced a 5% increase in the minimum wage. Arce said his government “is strong because the unions are strong.”

In Brazil, the focus was not only on traditional labor unions but on parttime workers and those in the informal sector, with the government of new leftist President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva announcing a work group on proposals to regulate that sector after the president recently described those workers as “almost like slaves.”

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Elaine Ganley reported from Paris, Hyung-Jin Kim from Seoul. Mari Yamaguchi and Yuri Kageyama in Tokyo; Niniek Karmini in Jakarta, Indonesia; Kanis Leung in Hong Kong; Suzan Fraser in Ankara, Turkey; Riazat Butt in Islamabad; Abby Sewell in Beirut; Demetris Nellas in Skopje, Frank Jordans in Berlin, Jennifer O’Mahoney in Madrid; Nicolae Dumitrache in Kyiv; Krishan Francis in Colombo, Sri Lanka; Frances D’Emilio in Rome; Alex Turnbull, Jeffrey Schaeffer, Masha Macpherson in Paris, Jorge Rueda in Caracas, Venezuela; Carlos Valdez in La Paz, Bolivia; Laís Martins in Sao Paulo, Brazil, contributed to this report.