What to know from the UN: Leaders speak of emerging threats, hints of war as big meeting nears

UNITED NATIONS (AP) — The security cordons are up. The streets are ready to be sealed off. Aircraft from myriad nations are landing in New York.

It all means one thing for the eastern part of Manhattan: The yearly gathering of world leaders at the United Nations is at hand.

The U.N. General Assembly’s high-level leaders’ meeting convenes Tuesday in a troubled world — arguably even more troubled than last year, when the chief of the United Nations warned that the problems were overwhelming. Secretary-General ANTONIO GUTERRES will likely issue a similar warning on Tuesday as he opens the meeting, and world leaders take the stage amid war and rumors of war.

The day before the big meeting starts was full of hints as to the agenda in the days to come:

— World leaders spoke at an event called “Summit of the Future,” with many focusing on emerging threats, to the earth’s climate, on the battlefield and in cyberspace.

— Iran’s president pointed to the deadly explosions of pager and other devices in Lebanon, and the assassination of Hamas’ political leader ISMAIL HANIYEH, as proof Israel is trying to coax Iran into war.

Not PARSE.LY: Japan government

Biden praises cooperation at meeting with South Korean, Japanese leaders amid North Korea worries

 

Ishiba survived a rare runoff to remain Japan’s prime minister but will face turmoil

 

Japan’s reelected Prime Minister Ishiba vows to step up reform

 

— Most of Earth’s systems are out of whack when it comes to climate change, and nations vary on who should pay to help poor nations deal with the impacts and switch to cleaner energy.

Here’s your daily guide to what’s going on at the United Nations this week, day by day:

From the podium

A WARNING ON CYBERSPACE: At the “Summit of the Future,” Indian Prime Minister NARENDRA MODI voiced concerns about “emerging theaters of conflict,” including in cyberspace. “There is a need for balanced regulation at a global level for the safe and responsible use of technology,” Modi said, cautioning that “we need global digital governance which ensures that national sovereignty and integrity are upheld.”

CHINA’S INITIATIVES: Chinese Foreign Minister WANG YI talked up key Beijing initiatives such as the Belt and Road program, which brings Chinese companies to build Chinese-funded transportation, energy, and infrastructure projects overseas. He also hit some oft-repeated Chinese complaints, such as criticizing “bloc confrontation” and sanctions imposed by a single country.

PUBLICLY SILENCED: Representing a country where the median age is 28, Ecuador’s president urged the international community to have “a clear vision” for education and youth employment. Then suddenly, no one could hear him. The microphone of DANIEL NOBOA AZIN was cut off. Speech time limits often aren’t enforced at top-level U.N. meetings, but at the Summit of the Future, the mic was shut off after five minutes. Among the leaders who’ve run up against the limit: Brazilian President LUIZ INACIO LULA DA SILVA, Kuwait’s Crown Prince Sheikh SABAH KHALID AL SABAH and Irish President MICHAEL HIGGINS.

On the sidelines

U.S. Secretary of State ANTONY BLINKEN says upcoming leadership changes in Japan and the United States won’t have any impact on their commitments to security in Northeast Asia.

Speaking at a meeting with the Japanese and South Korean foreign ministers on the sidelines of the general assembly, Blinken said the U.S. presidential race pitting Vice President Kamala Harris against former President Donald Trump, as well as Japanese Prime Minister FUMIO KISHIDA’s impending retirement, will not change the three countries’ joint resolve to combat threats posed by China and North Korea. He said the three-way collaboration among the allies after last year’s historic Camp David summit between the leaders “is stronger than it’s ever been, more effective than it’s ever been, and more important than it’s ever been, given the shared challenges that we face as well as the many opportunities before us to seize.”

Climate moment

A group of scientists produced the first of what they hope is an annual planetary health check. The prognosis is grim.

Earth is in the danger zone on six of the nine special systems that scientists looked into, with a seventh flirting with that risky area and maybe already breaching the boundary, according to the “planetary health check” by the Potsdam Institute for Climate Research and the group called Planetary Guardians. The six areas definitely out of whack are the freshwater system, the climate, the phosphorous cycle, biodiversity, general land health and “novel” chemicals (such as microplastics). Ocean acidification is about to cross the danger line or may have done so already, the report said.

Only the ozone layer and health of the air are in decent shape, said Potsdam Institute Director JOHAN ROCKSTROM, who has done a similar planetary health check every several years and there is not much change from last year’s.

“For 30, 40 years, the world has been conscious that Earth is going in the wrong direction but we did not feel the earth was on fire. Right now the planet is on fire and that’s why we need to act,” former Colombia President JUAN MANUEL SANTOS said in a press briefing.

Voices you might have missed

Leaders of countries around the world spoke at the U.N.’s “Summit of the Future” one by one. Or, San Marino’s case, two by two.

For centuries, the tiny European republic has had two heads of state at any given time. They’re called capitani reggenti — in English, captains regent — and they’re selected every six months by the nation’s 60-person legislature. The current captains regent, ALESSANDRO ROSSI and MILENA GASPERONI, took turns delivering their country’s speech. It touched on issues including refugees, food waste, violent extremism and the value of multilateralism — the type of broad-based international system that the U.N. represents.

“In the case of small states, international law is seen as the one and only safeguard in the event of a threat to their existence, and multilateral fora represent a valuable megaphone to make their voices heard, which would otherwise remain unheard,” Gasperoni said.

One notable number

Number of women scheduled to address the assembly during the general debate, out of 194 total speakers: 19.

Quotable

“They are dragging us to a point where we do not wish to go. There is no winner in warfare.”

—Iranian President MASOUD PEZESHKIAN, speaking about Israel

“Today in Kabul, a female cat has more freedoms than a woman. A cat may go sit on her front stoop and feel the sun on her face. She may chase a squirrel into the park. A squirrel has more rights than a girl in Afghanistan today because the public parks have been closed to women and girls by the Taliban. A bird may sing in Kabul, but a girl may not, and a woman may not, in public. This is extraordinary.”

—Actor MERYL STREEP, at a discussion focused on Afghan women

“Leaders must ask themselves whether this will be yet another meeting where they simply talk about greater cooperation and consensus, or whether they will show the imagination and conviction to actually forge it. With multiple crises around the world … if they miss this opportunity, I shudder to think of the consequences. Our collective future is at stake.”

—Amnesty International Secretary General AGNÈS CALLAMARD

What else?

Caribbean leaders want big polluters — especially fossil fuel companies — to pay more of the trillions of dollars the world needs to help poor nations deal with climate change’s impacts and switch to cleaner energy.

In a brief video appearance, Barbados Prime Minister MIA MOTTLEY, a leader in the call for global financial reform and seen as a possible future U.N. secretary-general, said poorer and middle income nations realize that private money is going to have to be part of a financial deal. But she said many multinational companies, which are richer than dozens of small nations, should pony up more dollars.

Bahamas Prime Minister PHILIP DAVIS said fossil fuel companies need to be held accountable, but it will probably have to be in the courts through international lawsuits.

JOHN PODESTA, Biden’s top climate official, says the United States is doing its part to fight climate change and it’s paying off around the world. Podesta said the $300 billion Inflation Reduction Act spurred private businesses to spend $270 billion in clean energy. But the payoff wasn’t just in the United States because for every ton of heat-trapping carbon that the country reduced because of the new law, the world cut 2.9 tons, he said.

Up next

On tap for Tuesday, among other remarks, is the last U.N. address from JOE BIDEN as president of the United States after five decades on various parts of the world stage. Conflicts in Gaza and Lebanon, Ukraine and Sudan are expected to take center stage all week. Guterres opens the debate Tuesday morning.

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AP writers Seth Borenstein and Matthew Lee contributed. See more of AP’s coverage of the U.N. General Assembly at https://apnews.com/hub/united-nations